The attention of internists to the problem of periodontitis and periodontal diseases is associated with the concept of «periodontal medicine», formed at the beginning of the 21st century and considering the bidirectional relationship of periodontal pathology with systemic diseases. Numerous epidemiological and clinical studies have demonstrated a close bidirectional relationship of periodontal diseases (primarily periodontitis) with cardiovascular diseases, with metabolic syndrome and its components: abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia and diabetes mellitus (DM), arterial hypertension.
However, in domestic clinical guidelines and algorithms for diabetes, periodontal diseases are not mentioned and are not considered either as risk factors or as a complication of diabetes. At the same time, a Joint Consensus of the International Diabetes Federation and the European Federation of Periodontology confirms the presence of a close bidirectional relationship between diabetes and periodontal diseases. The purpose of our review was to search and analyze the literature of recent years in the Scopus and PubMed information databases, which considers various aspects of the relationship between diabetes and periodontal diseases. From the presented review it is clear that the relationship between diabetes and periodontal diseases continues to be actively studied, especially in the current decade, as evidenced by numerous meta-analyses devoted to the consideration of the epidemiological relationship between these diseases and the effect of periodontal therapy on the metabolic profile in diabetic patients.

Keywords: non-surgical treatment of periodontitis, periodontal diseases, glycated hemoglobin, periodontitis, glycemic control, diabetes mellitus