Doxorubicin is an anthracycline, a topoisomerase inhibitor. Being drugs with a broad antitumor effect, anthracyclines are used for many malignant tumors (leukemia, lymphoma, breast cancer, endometrial cancer, cervical cancer, neuroblastoma, Wilms tumor, etc.). The most significant late toxic manifestations include cardiotoxicity. The action of free radicals explains the cardiotoxic effect inherent in this class of drugs. It was noted that in the days following the administration of the chemotherapy drug, the blood plasma troponin I level increased, and in patients with such phenomena the risk of late complications from the cardiovascular system increased. The purpose of this review was to describe the mechanism of action of doxorubicin, side effects, identify predictive markers of cardiotoxicity, as well as methods to overcome toxicity and improve efficiency. The possibility of synthesizing new materials has opened up a new promising direction in the field of biotechnology, in particular the production of calcium carbonate nanoparticles in aqueous solutions. The drug delivery system makes it possible to reduce its general toxic effect and prolong the therapeutic effect. Further study of the drug release process seems to be an urgent task at the moment. There is a significant increase in the risk of cardiotoxicity at doses above 550 mg/m2. As a rule, oncologists recommend the use of total doses of doxorubicin not exceeding 300 mg/m2 for both children and adults.

Keywords: CaCO3 nuclei, troponin I, cardiotoxicity, doxorubicin