Рубцовые алопеции: классификация, клинико-морфологические особенности, диагностика и лечение (обзор литературы)


DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18565/pharmateca.2023.13.19-29

Раводин Р.А., Круглова Л.С., Денисова Е.А.

1) Центральная государственная медицинская академия УДП РФ, Москва, Россия; 2) Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова, Санкт-Петербург, Россия; 3) Клиника Волосы.ру, Санкт-Петербург, Россия
До 8% дерматологических пациентов обращаются к врачам по поводу выпадения волос. Из причин, вызывающих выпадение волос, рубцовая алопеция (РА) представляет собой сложную диагностическую и терапевтическую проблему. РА включает группу заболеваний, при которых общим конечным итогом является разрушение волосяного фолликула, который замещается соединительной тканью. Необратимость выпадения волос и связанные с этим неблагоприятные косметические последствия РА требуют особого внимания к их своевременной диагностике. Различают первичные и вторичные РА. Первичные РА характеризуются фолликулоцентрическим воспалительным процессом, который приводит к разрушению волосяного фолликула, при вторичных РА волосяной фолликул поражается опосредованно вместе с другими структурами кожи. На долю первичных РА, которые представляют наибольшую трудность в диагностическом и терапевтическом планах, приходится 3–7%. Диагностика заболевания, вызвавшего первичную РА, основывается на тщательном сборе анамнеза пациента, клиническом обследовании, дерматоскопических (трихоскопических) данных и результатах биопсии кожи волосистой части головы, что является необходимым условием для назначения соответствующей терапии. В статье представлены данные литературы, посвященные вопросам классификации, диагностики и лечения различных видов РА.

Литература


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Об авторах / Для корреспонденции


Автор для связи: Лариса Сергеевна Круглова, д.м.н., профессор, зав. кафедрой дерматовенерологии и косметологии, Центральная государственная медицинская академия УДП РФ, Москва, Россия; kruglovals@mail.ru


ORCID: 
Р.А. Раводин (R.A. Ravodin), https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0737-0317 
Е.А. Денисова (E.A. Denisova), https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4414-0417 
Л.С. Круглова (L.S. Kruglova), https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5044-5265 


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