Objective. Comprehensively review the history of the study of scapular fractures, starting from the first mention of the term «scapula» and ending with the present time; tracking the development of diagnostic methods and methods of conservative and surgical treatment of scapular fractures throughout history.
An analysis of various domestic and foreign medical literary sources including articles, monographs and journals containing data from different studies on the history of scapular fractures was carried out. Vesalius (1514-1564) was the first to use the term «scapula». Probably the oldest scapula fractured about 250 million years ago, was described by Chinese authors during the study of the skeleton of the fossilized remains of the dinosaur «Yangchuanosaurus hepingensis». The oldest recorded fractures of the human scapula date back to prehistoric and early historical times. Thus, acromial fracture was described in the treatises of Hippocrates. The early history of the treatment of scapular fractures is closely related to the history of French surgery. Petit, Du Verney and Desault in the 18th century were the first to point out the existence of these fractures. The first study devoted exclusively to scapular fractures was published by Traugott Karl August Vogt in 1799. Thomas Callaway published an extensive dissertation on shoulder girdle injuries in 1849, in which he reviewed a number of cases known at that time. The first radiograph of a scapular fracture was published by Petty in 1907. Mayo Robson (1884), Lambotte (1913) and Lane (1914) were pioneers in the surgical treatment of these fractures, followed by the French surgeons Lenormat, Dujarrier and Basset in 1923. The first results of internal fixation of the glenoid fossa, including a radiograph, were published by Fischer in 1939.
Conclusion. The initial interest in the study of scapular fractures was associated with incidence of this injury in military situations. The first discoveries in the areas of scapular anatomy, diagnosis and treatment of scapular fractures were made thanks to the work of French military field surgeons. The invention of more sophisticated methods for diagnosing musculoskeletal injuries helped to deepen existing knowledge, and the increased availability of instrumental methods for examining patients made it possible to diagnose scapular injuries in everyday life in peacetime. Along with the development of world traumatology in general, less traumatic and more high-tech methods of surgical treatment of scapular fractures have developed.

Keywords: scapula, history of scapula fracture treatment, scapula fracture, history