Русский
Health schools as a method of infectious disease prevention in patients with chronic somatic pathology
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18565/pharmateca.2024.6.118-124
Moiseeva M.V., Mordyk A.V., Bagisheva N.V., Shapran A.A., Shcherbakova L.E., Mordyk D.I.
1) Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russia; 2) Omsk Central District Hospital, Omsk, Russia; 3) National Medical Research Center for Phthisiopulmonology and Infectious Diseases, Moscow, Russia; 4) Main Bureau of Medical and Social Expertise in Omsk Region, Bureau No. 17, Omsk, Russia
Background. Prevention of both infectious and non-infectious diseases is the priority area of modern healthcare. Prevention of tuberculosis (TB) in individuals with comorbid somatic pathology (SP) is one of the ways to improve the quality and duration of life.
Objective. Identification of risk factors for the development of TB in patients with comorbid SP and evaluation of the effectiveness of classes in the health school (online) as a method of working with correctable risk factors (RF).
Methods. A simple retrospective study included 99 patients with newly diagnosed TB and various comorbid SP who were treated at the Omsk Central District Hospital from 2018 to 2022. To identify RF, the factor analysis method with subsequent correction of the identified RF by training patients in online health schools was used.
Results. Of the 99 patients with newly diagnosed TB, 54 had cardiovascular diseases, 44 had bronchopulmonary pathology, and 48 had gastrointestinal tract pathology. From 29 social and demographic parameters, using the factor loading matrix, 9 factors that increase the likelihood of developing TB in rural residents with comorbid SP, with a total variance of 65.76% were formed. The leading place among them was occupied by correctable RF (bad habits, living conditions, stove heating, low social status). Online health schools included 4 classes that rural residents could remotely attend repeatedly during the year. After a year, there was a decrease in the degree of alcohol and nicotine addiction, an increase in the number of people with normal body weight and a decrease in people with underweight, a decrease in the number of people with low physical activity, i.e. factors that increased the likelihood of developing TB and people with comorbid pathology in rural areas were eliminated.
Objective. Identification of risk factors for the development of TB in patients with comorbid SP and evaluation of the effectiveness of classes in the health school (online) as a method of working with correctable risk factors (RF).
Methods. A simple retrospective study included 99 patients with newly diagnosed TB and various comorbid SP who were treated at the Omsk Central District Hospital from 2018 to 2022. To identify RF, the factor analysis method with subsequent correction of the identified RF by training patients in online health schools was used.
Results. Of the 99 patients with newly diagnosed TB, 54 had cardiovascular diseases, 44 had bronchopulmonary pathology, and 48 had gastrointestinal tract pathology. From 29 social and demographic parameters, using the factor loading matrix, 9 factors that increase the likelihood of developing TB in rural residents with comorbid SP, with a total variance of 65.76% were formed. The leading place among them was occupied by correctable RF (bad habits, living conditions, stove heating, low social status). Online health schools included 4 classes that rural residents could remotely attend repeatedly during the year. After a year, there was a decrease in the degree of alcohol and nicotine addiction, an increase in the number of people with normal body weight and a decrease in people with underweight, a decrease in the number of people with low physical activity, i.e. factors that increased the likelihood of developing TB and people with comorbid pathology in rural areas were eliminated.
About the Autors
Corresponding author: Natalya V. Bagisheva, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor at the Department of Outpatient Therapy and Internal Diseases, Omsk State Medical University; Omsk Central District Hospital, Omsk, Russia; ppi100@mail.ru
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