2. Hsia D.S., Grove O., Cefalu W.T. An update on sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diab Obes. 2017;24(1):73–9. Doi: 10.1097/MED.0000000000000311.

3. Kalra S., Shetty K.K., Nagarajan V.B., Ved J.K. Basic and clinical pharmacotherapeutics of SGLT2 inhibitors: a contemporary update. Diab Ther. 2020;11(4):813–33. Doi: 10.1007/s13300-020-00789-y.

4. Abdul-Ghani M.A., DeFronzo R.A., Norton L. Novel hypothesis to explain why SGLT2 inhibitors inhibit only 30-50% of filtered glucose load in humans. Diabetes. 2013;62(10):3324–28. Doi: 10.2337/db13-0604.

5. Thomas M.C., Cherney D.Z.I. The actions of SGLT2 inhibitors on metabolism, renal function and blood pressure. Diabetol. 2018;61(10):2098–107. Doi: 10.1007/s00125-018-4669-0.

6. Patel D.K., Strong J. The pleiotropic effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors: beyond the glycemic benefit. Diab Ther. 2019;10(5):1771–92. Doi: 10.1007/s13300-019-00686-z.

7. Monami M., Nardini C., Mannucci E. Efficacy and safety of sodium glucose co-transport-2 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Diab Obes Metab. 2014;16(5):457–66. Doi: 10.1111/dom.12244.

8. Storgaard H., Gluud L.L., Bennett C., et al. Benefits and harms of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2016;11(11):e0166125. Doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166125.

9. Zaccardi F., Webb D.R., Htike Z.Z., et al. Efficacy and safety of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes mellitus: systematic review and network meta-analysis. Diab Obes Metab. 2016;18(8):783–94. Doi: 10.1111/dom.12670.

10. Mazidi M., Rezaie P., Gao H.K., Kengne A.P. Effect of sodium-glucose cotransport-2 inhibitors on blood pressure in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 43 randomized control trials with 22 528 patients. J Am Heart Assoc. 2017;6(6):e004007. Doi: 10.1161/JAHA.116.004007.

11. Szekeres Z., Toth K., Szabados E. The effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on lipid metabolism. Metabolites. 2021;11(2):87. Doi: 10.3390/metabo11020087.

12. Yaribeygi H., Maleki M., Reiner Ћ., et al. Mechanistic view on the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on lipid metabolism in diabetic milieu. J Clin Med. 2022;11(21):6544. Doi: 10.3390/jcm11216544.

13. Sanchez-Garcia A., Simental-Mendia M., Millan-Alanis J.M., Simental-Mendia L.E. Effect of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors on lipid profile: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 48 randomized controlled trials. Pharmacol Res. 2020;160:105068. Doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105068.

14. Mukai J., Yoshiyama A., Kubota R. Clinical relevance between sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors and lipid profiles in Asian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review with a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Pharm Health Care Sci. 2020;6:4. Doi: 10.1186/s40780-020-00160-0.

15. Bechmann L.E., Emanuelsson F., Nordestgaard B.G., Benn M. SGLT2-inhibition increases total, LDL, and HDL cholesterol and lowers triglycerides: meta-analyses of 60 randomized trials, overall and by dose, ethnicity, and drug type. Atherosclerosis. 2023:117236. Doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2023.117236.

16. Sano M., Goto S. Possible mechanism of hematocrit elevation by sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and associated beneficial renal and cardiovascular effects. Circulation. 2019;139(17):1985–87. Doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.038881.

17. Wang X., Fu R., Liu H., et al. The effects of sodium glucose co-transporter (SGLT) 2 inhibitors on hematocrit levels: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Ann Palliat Med. 2021;10(6):6467–81. Doi: 10.21037/apm-21-1022.

18. Tian Q., Guo K., Deng J., et al. Effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on haematocrit and haemoglobin levels and the associated cardiorenal benefits in T2DM patients: A meta-analysis. J Cell Mol Med. 2022;26(2):540–47. Doi: 10.1111/jcmm.17115.

19. Baker W.L., Smyth L.R., Riche D.M., et al. Effects of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors on blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Soc Hypertens. 2014;8(4):262–75.e9. Doi: 10.1016/j.jash.2014.01.007.

20. Baker W.L., Buckley L.F., Kelly M.S., et al. Effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors on 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Heart Assoc. 2017;6(5):e005686. Doi: 10.1161/JAHA.117.005686.

21. Zhang Q., Zhou S., Liu L. Efficacy and safety evaluation of SGLT2i on blood pressure control in patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension: a new meta-analysis. Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2023;15(1):118. Doi: 10.1186/s13098-023-01092-z.

22. Reed J.W. Impact of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors on blood pressure. Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2016;12:393–405. Doi: 10.2147/VHRM.S111991.

23. Zhang N., Wang Y., Tse G., et al. Effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors on cardiac remodelling: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2022;28(17):1961–73. Doi: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwab173.

24. Wang Y., Zhong Y., Zhang Z., et al. Effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter protein-2 inhibitors on left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Endocrinol. (Lausanne). 2023;13:1088820. Doi: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1088820.

25. Fan G., Guo D.L. The effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors on cardiac structure remodeling and function: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Eur J Intern Med. 2023;114:49–57. Doi: 10.1016/j.ejim.2023.04.002.

26. Dhingra N.K., Mistry N., Puar P., et al. SGLT2 inhibitors and cardiac remodelling: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized cardiac magnetic resonance imaging trials. ESC. Heart Fail. 2021;8(6):4693–700. Doi: 10.1002/ehf2.13645.

27. Zinman B., Wanner C., Lachin J.M., et al.; EMPA-REG OUTCOME Investigators. Empagliflozin, cardiovascular outcomes, and mortality in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2015;373:2117–28. Doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1504720.

28. Neal B., Perkovic V., Mahaffey K.W., et al.; CANVAS Program Collaborative Group. Canagliflozin and cardiovascular and renal events in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2017;377:644–57. Doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1611925.

29. Wiviott S.D., Raz I., Bonaca M.P., et al.; DECLARE-TIMI 58 Investigators. Dapagliflozin and cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2019;380:347–57. Doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1812389.

30. Cannon C.P., Pratley R., Dagogo-Jack S., et al.; VERTIS CV Investigators. Cardiovascular outcomes with ertugliflozin in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2020;383:1425–35. Doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2004967.

31. Arnott C., Li Q., Kang A., et al. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibition for the prevention of cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Heart Assoc. 2020;9:e014908. Doi: 10.1161/JAHA.119.014908.

32. Bhattarai M., Salih M., Regmi M., et al. Association of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors with cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and other risk factors for cardiovascular disease: a meta-analysis. JAMA. Netw Open. 2022;5(1):e2142078. Doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.42078.

33. Gong C., Shen S.C., Zhang K., et al. Association of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors with cardiovascular outcome and safety events: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials. Front Cardiovasc. Med. 2022;9:926979. Doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.926979.

34. Giugliano D., Longo M., Scappaticcio L., et al. SGLT-2 inhibitors and cardiorenal outcomes in patients with or without type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of 11 CVOTs. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2021;20(1):236. Doi: 10.1186/s12933-021-01430-3.

35. Teo Y.H., Teo Y.N., Syn N.L., et al. Effects of sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors on cardiovascular and metabolic outcomes in patients without diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized-controlled trials. J Am Heart Assoc. 2021;10(5):e019463. Doi: 10.1161/JAHA.120.019463.

36. Vaduganathan M., Docherty K.F., Claggett B.L., et al. SGLT-2 inhibitors in patients with heart failure: a comprehensive meta-analysis of five randomised controlled trials. Lancet. 2022;400(10354):757–67. Doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(22)01429-5.

37. DeFronzo R.A., Abdul-Ghani M. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and the kidney. Diab Spectr. 2021;34(3):225–34. Doi: 10.2337/ds20-0071.

38. Kim N.H., Kim N.H. Renoprotective Mechanism of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors: focusing on renal hemodynamics. Diab Metab J. 2022;46(4):543–51. Doi: 10.4093/dmj.2022.0209.

39. Salvatore T., Galiero R., Caturano A., et al. An overview of the cardiorenal protective mechanisms of SGLT2 inhibitors. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23(7):3651. Doi: 10.3390/ijms23073651.

40. Zelniker T.A., Wiviott S.D., Raz I., et al. SGLT2 inhibitors for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cardiovascular outcome trials. Lancet. 2019;393(10166):31–9. Doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32590-X.

41. McGuire D.K., Shih W.J., Cosentino F., et al. Association of SGLT2 inhibitors with cardiovascular and kidney outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis. JAMA Cardiol. 2021;6(2):148–58. Doi: 10.1001/jamacardio.2020.4511.

42. Neuen B.L., Young T., Heerspink H.J.L., et al. SGLT2 inhibitors for the prevention of kidney failure in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet. Diab Endocrinol. 2019;7(11):845–54. Doi: 10.1016/S2213-8587(19)30256-6.

43. Perkovic V., Jardine M.J., Neal B., et al.; CREDENCE Trial Investigators. Canagliflozin and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes and nephropathy. N Engl J Med. 2019;380:2295–306. Doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1811744.

44. Heerspink H.J.L., Stefansson B.V., Correa-Rotter R., et al.; DAPA-CKD Trial Committees and Investigators. Dapagliflozin in patients with chronic kidney disease. N Engl J Med. 2020;383:1436–46. Doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2024816.

45. Wang C., Zhou Y., Kong Z., et al. The renoprotective effects of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors versus placebo in patients with type 2 diabetes with or without prevalent kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diab Obes Metab. 2019;21:1018–26. Doi: 10.1111/dom.13620.

46. Bae J.H., Park E.G., Kim S., et al. Effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors on renal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1):13009. Doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-49525-y.

47. Bose D., Maurya M., Konwar M. Impact of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors on renal outcomes in patients of diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of landmark renal and cardiovascular outcome trials. Indian J Pharmacol. 2023;55(2):119–27. Doi: 10.4103/ijp.ijp_342_21.

48. Bantounou M.A., Sardellis P., Thuemmler R., et al. Effect of the dual sodium-glucose co-transporter-1 and -2 inhibitor sotagliflozin on renal outcomes in type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Diab Obes Metab. 2024;26(2):710–20. Doi: 10.1111/dom.15364.

49. Kalra S. Sodium Glucose Co-Transporter-2 (SGLT2) Inhibitors: A Review of Their Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. Diab Ther. 2014;5(2):355–66. Doi: 10.1007/s13300-014-0089-4.

50. McGill J.B., Subramanian S. Safety of Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter 2 Inhibitors. Am. J. Cardiol. 2019;124(Suppl. 1):S45–52. Doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2019.10.029.

51. Shi F.H., Li H., Shen L., et al. Appraisal of non-cardiovascular safety for sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors: a systematic review and meta-analysis of placebo-controlled randomized clinical trials. Front Pharmacol. 2019;10:1066. Doi: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01066.

52. Liu J., Li L., Li S., et al. Effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on UTIs and genital infections in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):2824. Doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-02733-w.

53. Bapir R., Bhatti K.H., Eliwa A., et al. Risk of urogenital infections in non-diabetic patients treated with sodium glucose transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors. Systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Ital Urol Androl. 2023;95(2):11509. doi: 10.4081/aiua.2023.11509.

54. Li D., Wang T., Shen S., et al. Urinary tract and genital infections in patients with type 2 diabetes treated with sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Diab Obes Metab. 2017;19(3):348–55. Doi: 10.1111/dom.12825.

55. Chen L., Xue Q., Yan C., et al. Comparative safety of different recommended doses of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Front Endocrinol. (Lausanne). 2023;14:1256548. Doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1256548.

56. Donnan J.R., Grandy C.A., Chibrikov E., et al. Comparative safety of the sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ. Open. 2019;9(1):e022577. Doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022577.

57. Scheen A.J. Drug-drug interactions with sodium-glucose cotransporters type 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, new oral glucose-lowering agents for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2014;53(4):295–304. Doi: 10.1007/s40262-013-0128-8.