Background. Infective endocarditis (IE) is one of the most severe diseases, which is attributable to the features of its pathogenesis, in particular the addition of immune complex damage to tissues and organs, which produces a variety of extracardiac symptoms. In-hospital mortality with drug treatment reaches 80%, with surgical treatment – 30%, and in the absence of treatment, mortality is 100%. In modern conditions, diagnosis and treatment of IE is a pressing problem in cardiology and cardiac surgery for many reasons, including an increase in morbidity, mainly due to primary endocarditis.
Description of the clinical case. In the presented clinical case, IE developed in a 49-year-old recipient of an orthotopic heart transplant 34 weeks after the operation. The clinical characteristics of the disease, the dynamics of instrumental and laboratory data are presented.
Conclusion. The presented clinical observation demonstrates the need for alertness of physicians of many specialties regarding the possibility of developing IE in the transplanted heart. The outcomes of IE in recipients with orthotopic heart transplantation may be similar compared to the general population, but patient survival is lower.

Keywords: diagnostics of infective endocarditis, orthotopic heart transplantation, infective endocarditis