Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common dermatoses in the world. It significantly reduces the quality of life of patients, and is a significant social and economic problem. Although the pathogenesis of AD is currently not fully understood, it is complex and appears to be the result of a combination of genetic and environmental factors that cause a defect in the epidermal barrier, an altered immune response, and an imbalance in the microbial balance of the skin. The study of the pathogenetic mechanisms of AD, the identification of its new components is an urgent problem due to the steady increase in the prevalence of the disease and can improve the efficiency of its diagnosis and treatment. The article presents a review of domestic and foreign literature sources devoted to the study of the most significant pathogenetic factors of AD.

Keywords: genetic defects, epidermal barrier, epigenetics, atopic dermatitis, pathogenesis